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You may have heard about soil forensics through the literary character of Sherlock Holmes. Holmes used soil forensics in his investigations, but real detectives do, too.
Forensic soil analysis is the use of soil science and other disciplines (e.g. geochemistry and geology) to aid in criminal investigations. Each soil possesses unique properties that serve as identification markers. This means investigators can trace and match soils to each other. For example, clay embedded in the shoe treads of a criminal can be traced back to a specific clay type found along a lake where a murder victim was discovered.